The Mysterious Gatsby in The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay

In the novel, The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, we know that Gatsby, the main character, is a mysterious man who doesnt seem to show much personal growth throughout this book. Although, we do learn a lot about him through what the other characters reveal. We learn many different things about Gatsby through these rumors that it helps give us a better understanding of things.In the beginning of this novel incessantlyyone seems to know, or at least sustain heard, about Gatsby. He is talked about a lot and it is manly in a good way. Gatsby appears to be a very powerful person who similarly has a lot of respect from people. He has a very strange and kind of mysterious personality. For example when he has his partys, usually on ever Saturday night, he seems to isolate himself from ...

Essay --

Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party National Socialist German Workers Party). He was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and authoritarian of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. Hitler was at the centre of Nazi Germany, World War II in Europe, and the Holocaust.Hitler was a decorated veteran of World War I. He conjugated the German Workers Party in 1919, and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted a coup dtat in Munich, known as the Beer manor hall Putsch. The failed coup resulted in Hitlers imprisonment, during which time he wrote his memoir, Mein Kampf . After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, antisemitism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. After his appointment as chancellor in 1933, he transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian an d overbearing ideology of Nazism.Hitlers aim was to establish a New Order of absolute Nazi German hegemony in co...

Order Out of Chaos Essay -- History, Roman Empire, Charlemagne

Volatility in the West during the ninth and tenth centuries drove Europeans to strive for a more stable counselling of life. The institution of feudalism and St. Benedicts secluded Rule arose in response to this problem and provided what the scattered kingdoms of the old Roman conglomerate were struggling to achieve. The death of Charlemagne, the succession of power to his son, Louis, and the signing of the Treaty of Verdun began the collapse of the strong and united Europe that had formerly been in place. Soon after the dissolution of the consecrate Roman Empire the West started to face a myriad of problems. The renewed invasions of the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims and the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire led to the emergence of a new fibre of relationship between free individuals (Spielvogel 163). The decline in government authority and protection forced peasants, who made up the majority of the medieval population, to depend on land-owning lords and barons that acqu ired their properties as sovereign power decentralized. This relationship based on the context of the subjection of a subordinate to a superior became known as feudalism. simultaneous with the breakdown of government was a transformation of the Church through the way members of the religious community lived, worked, and worshiped. Monasticism, such as that developed by St. Benedict, formed as an answer to problems within the Church and a need for structure in religious life. St. Benedicts Rule and feudalism are leading examples of how in that location was a resolute search for stability in medieval Europe. With the breakdown of governments, powerful nobles took control of large areas of land. They needed men to fight for them, so the commit arose of giving grants of land to vass... ... time when much of the barbarian west was only nominally Christian, Benedicts Rule kept alive the spirit of prosecute a life of gospel perfection (Reid 50). Benedicts find oneself, which was a syn thesis of several rules, could be applied to any number of monasteries and locations (Vidmar 79). This universality of his rule helped to stabilize not only monasticism and the church, but also rub off on the common people and nobility that the monastics encountered. Feudalism and St. Benedicts monastic rule both exemplify the search for stability in the medieval western world. Together they steadied the chaos caused by the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire and the destructive invasions of the ninth century by correcting the military, political and religious status quo. This put the West on the road to advancement, expansion, and dominance in the centuries to come.

Veitnam War :: War, History, Politics

Vietnam war When most people hear the words Vietnam, what does it make them think about(predicate)? The principal(prenominal) answer most people come up with is death, or policing actions of the unify States. The Vietnam War wasnt about death it was about the French compound Rule of South Vietnam.The Vietnam War was the legacy of Frances failure to suppress nationalist forces in Indochina as it struggled to restore its colonial dominion after World War II. This is the start of Vietnam War. This is also one way that America was brought into the conflict of Vietnam.The war was further escalated by North Vietnam trying to go in South Vietnam and fling them into a communist nation. Then America was brought more deeply into Vietnam as a policing effort to stop communism. Military leaders viewed the Vietnam War as the Chinese doctrine of revolutionary war in action, (using Chinese and Russian arms to boot.)The United States had a geopolitical aim, they were to try and contain the spr ead of communism. This is one of the main reasons for America to go to Vietnam, to help stop the spread of communism the United States supported the anti-communist regime known as the Republic of Vietnam, or South Vietnam. The United States was in Vietnam to stop the North Vietnam communism movement by means of the U.S. staring air raids in the country. Despite the U.S. military aid, heavy bombing, the growing U.S. mass commitment, and some political stability in South Vietnam after the election, the two countries were still unable to defeat the Viet Cong and North Vietnam forces.

Depression Essay -- essays research papers

One of the around common mental disorders in the world today run intoing up to 340 million people worldwide is first. Imagine the entire student body of Upper Darby High School infected with the consider same disease. Depression is a common but complex disorder diversely affecting a variety of people with a multitude of signs. The disorder may be brought into affect due to a large number of causes. What can be done? There are numerous manners in which to treat this disorder spanning from medicine to counseling to support groups. Although depression is one of the most treatable mental illnesses in the world, only about one half of all cases of depression are diagnosed and successfully treated.The most common symptoms of depression include low self-esteem, loss of energy, or lack of interest in activities previously experienced as pleasurable. Sleeping problems suck up also been associated with depression. A study shows roughly 80% of diseased individuals experience insomnia (de pression.com 1). Possible problems may include difficulty in falling asleep, waking up in the middle of the night with difficulty returning to sleep, waking up too early in the morning, brief periods of REM sleep, unusually long periods of dot 1 (light) sleep, or unusually brief periods of stage 3 and 4 ( deep, restorative) sleep (depression.com 1). Weight and depression are also commonly associated with each other. numerous people begin loosing interest in eating which results in weight loss. Others may experience the opposite effect and gain weight by overeating. sundry(a) antidepressant musics are known to have different affects on appetite and weight (depression.com 3). Suicidal thoughts are also a more common symptom of depression. Most people do not commit suicide because of increased suicidal thoughts. The risk of doing so simply increases their suicidal tendency. The causes of depression remain indecipherable and vary from person to person. Genetic factors of depression have become a growing interest among scientist. The most probable explanation of this disorder is a chemic imbalance in the human brain. Evidence suggests that depression is caused by a deficiency in noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitters (depression-net.com 2). Studies have shown that people with relatives who have depression gain a one in four ... ... electroconvulsive therapy. This is reserved for only the most sever cases of depression in which a patient has not responded to medication or for some reason is unable to take antidepressants. ECT is one of the most effective treatments for depression. Over the years, it has advanced to become a safer procedure (depression-net.com 5).The globe Health Organization predicts that depression will be the greatest burden of ill health to the developing world by the year 2020. It is predicted to be the hour largest cause of death and disability (depression-net 1). Will the new millennium spawn a new breed of ill mannered, drug i ntoxicated, depressed individuals? Depression is the most common mental disorder in the world today, and yet there are still many aspects of this illness that we do not know about. The exact cause of depression remains undetermined without a cure. There is no precise test that can be given to determine weather or not an individual has depression. There is a certain lack of understanding and knowledge among society. It is abnormal for a person to commit self inflicted harm intend upon ending his or her own lives. There is help for those depressed individuals.

Depression Essay -- essays research papers

One of the closely common mental disorders in the area today affecting up to 340 million people worldwide is feeling. Imagine the inbuilt student body of Upper Darby High School infected with the exact same disease. Depression is a common but complex disorder variously affecting a variety of people with a multitude of symptoms. The disorder may be brought into affect due to a large number of causes. What tooshie be done? There are numerous manners in which to treat this disorder spanning from medication to counseling to support groups. Although depression is one of the most treatable mental illnesses in the world, only about one half of all cases of depression are diagnosed and successfully treated.The most common symptoms of depression include grim self-esteem, loss of energy, or lack of interest in activities previously experienced as pleasurable. Sleeping problems piddle also been associated with depression. A study shows roughly 80% of diseased individuals experience ins omnia (depression.com 1). Possible problems may include difficulty in falling asleep, waking up in the middle of the night with difficulty returning(a) to sleep, waking up too early in the morning, brief periods of REM sleep, unusually long periods of peak 1 (light) sleep, or unusually brief periods of stage 3 and 4 ( deep, restorative) sleep (depression.com 1). Weight and depression are also commonly associated with each other. Many people begin loosing interest in scud which results in weight loss. Others may experience the opposite effect and gain weight by overeating. Various antidepressant medications are known to have unlike affects on appetite and weight (depression.com 3). Suicidal thoughts are also a more common symptom of depression. Most people do not fall in suicide because of increased suicidal thoughts. The risk of doing so simply increases their suicidal tendency. The causes of depression remain unclear and vary from person to person. Genetic factors of depressio n have become a growing interest among scientist. The most probable explanation of this disorder is a chemical imbalance in the human brain. Evidence suggests that depression is caused by a deficiency in noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitters (depression-net.com 2). Studies have shown that people with relatives who have depression gain a one in quadruple ... ... electroconvulsive therapy. This is reserved for only the most sever cases of depression in which a patient has not responded to medication or for some reason is unable to take antidepressants. ECT is one of the most effective treatments for depression. Over the years, it has advanced to become a safer procedure (depression-net.com 5).The World Health Organization predicts that depression will be the greatest burden of ill health to the developing world by the year 2020. It is predicted to be the second largest cause of death and disability (depression-net 1). Will the newfangled millennium spawn a new breed of ill mannered, drug intoxicated, depressed individuals? Depression is the most common mental disorder in the world today, and yet there are still many aspects of this illness that we do not know about. The exact cause of depression remains undetermined without a cure. There is no precise test that can be given to determine weather or not an individual has depression. There is a plastered lack of understanding and knowledge among society. It is abnormal for a person to commit self inflicted harm intended upon ending his or her own lives. There is protagonist for those depressed individuals.

Nickel and Dimed: on (Not) Getting by in America

atomic number 28 and Dimed On (Not) acquiring By in America In the thought provoking novel, Nickel and Dimed, Barbara Ehrenreich explores the life of low-wage workers in Americas society. While speaking with an editor atomic number 53 day, the question of poverty and how Ameri give the sacks pull round take sextette and s rase dollars an hour played in Ms. Ehrenreichs mind. So as a journalist, Ehrenreich goes at a get place binding working several negligible wage business sectors and tries to survive glum the earnings. Seeing and sprightliness the resilients of these poverty-stricken workers, Ehrenreich learns that hard work doesnt always lead to succeeder and advancement in todays society.This novel takes you on a journey, revealing the insights of how good deal strive to survive in Americas society working marginal wage patronages that do not serve adequate funds to cover their needs and expenses. Ehrenreich begins her research in central West, Florida. Her first task was to find a place to live. She opts out of her decision to cave in in a contented and afford equal apartment for a five hundred dollar a month efficiency that is close forty-five legal proceeding away from the employment opportunities reveal West has to offer. Her succeeding(a) task was job searching.Ehrenreich applied for numerous jobs, and learns about the low-wage job application assist. These job applications usually just now involved several aggregate-choice questions and a urine test. After not hear back from any(prenominal) of the jobs, Ehrenreich applies for a awaiting position at the diner Hearthside, (which is not the actual name as good as the names of associates she shake up it aways in contact with). Ehrenreich is offered the position of a waitress and is hired at Hearthside and works the wickedness shift working from 200 in the evening until 1000 at night for $2. 43 an hour, plus tips.If a psyche strives to make means off six and seven dollars a n hour, surely $2. 43 is not sufficed, especially when customers do not like tip the waitress. During her cartridge clip at Hearthside, Ehrenreich comes to despise management. She finds that while she mustiness constantly find fill work to do, anything at all but being still, while her superiors argon able to sit for hours. management lacks the compassion for their employees and for their customers. They retain besides oneness rival in mind and that is make sure the restaurant makes money. Ive personally experienced this on my job.Sometimes there is perfectly nothing else to do at work. Why? There is one simple answer everything has already taken cargon of and much more(prenominal). But, management will bickering you to keep busy even when there is nothing else to do. Once Ehrenreich gets a have for the job, she begins interacting with her co-workers and learns of their poverty lifestyle. Her observation also revealed that most of the workers were minorities. Ehrenre ich then begins to compiles a gaze on the workers life arrangements Gail, whom she becomes close up to, shares a room with a roommate for $250 a week. Ehrenreich p. 24) Now if you access the incident and do a few calculations you can achieve that Gail is strictly funding paycheck to paycheck. Claude, a cook, lives in a two room apartment with his miss and two other heap. Others are paying(a) to stay in hotels from each one night, some pay $170 dollars a week for a one person sack, and others are living out their cars. Ehrenreich before long realizes that unless she wants to live out of her car she needs to find another job. She picks up a second waitressing job at Jerrys. Ehrenreich comes to find out that Jerrys is a ruin.The kitchens are a mess, the bathrooms are never adequately equipped, and there is no break room because breaks are barely allowed. Ehrenreich is unable to juggle working at both the Hearthside and Jerrys, so she leaves Hearthside so she can earn more m oney at Jerrys. Ehrenreich is able to find a small trailer in a trailer park and moves side by side(predicate) to Key West. After a month of waitressing, Ehrenreich gets a housekeeping position in a hotel which pays $6. 10 an hour. Unfortunately Ehrenreich only netts on the job for one day.After having a miserable days work at Jerrys, Ehrenreich quits the job by simply walking out. Ehrenreich turns her trailer over to Gail and says goodbye to Key West. After departing Key West, Ehrenreich travels to two other states, Maine and Minnesota, in hope of finding break away jobs as well as wear out pay. In the final chapter, Ehrenreich evaluates her observations and provides an boilers suit study of her project and draws together her culminations. She believes she has simulatee a good job living under these certain circumstance.These observations open ones shopping mall to how many people in the United States, not just the World, who are leaving in much(prenominal) low conditions . An abundance of individuals do not realize the poverty thats occurring at home (U. S. ). We usually think of third world countries (i. e. Africa). Volunteering my time at the residential district market has bene accompanimentored me realize how many people need assistance and who are leaving in conditions that are considered to most people as degrading. I last how hard it is to live of the earnings I make. My earnings approximate about nine dollars an hour and even with these ages it is hard to survive. You have startup costs, deposits, power bills, piss bills, food, telephone bills, car notes, etc the list goes on and on. It is difficult to even live off of halfway decent reinforcement yet alone minimum wages of six dollars an hour. Gas prices nowadays, are about two-thirds of the wage amount. I feel honored and privileged to be able to volunteer my time to such activities and organizations as the community market and the community garden. It gives me self-confidence that I can process make a difference in my community and society.I hope that more people would become aware of these activities and help contribute their time to help cease starvation and poverty in the world. Ehrenreich does an excellent job of revealing the brusque wage conditions of society. Her plan was to reveal and understand the everyday life of low-income people, how they survive on a daily basis and find out what wage workers in reality go through. Most people dont know what is next for them or what the next day has in store for them. But the final conclusion is that low-wage lifestyle is unfair and impractical.Nickel and Dimed On (Not) Getting By in AmericaImagination and research are the two important tools for a successful composition assignment. Research can be academic as well as practical. If the author/authoress is willing to live through the life of the subject matter of the take for, and possesses the writing skill, chances are that it becomes a great book. The su ffering of women in any segment of the society is always something specialdiscrimination on the basis of gender (sex) as they call it The modern materialistic civilization, the industrial and internet revolutions have thrown up innovative subjects for a writer. Some comforts and luxuries apart, the total effect of this civilization on the inner world of an individual is devastating.The standard of living has improved at the cost of standard of life. In the present book, Barbara lives through several self-created miserable and tricky situations, just to know what does it to mean to live under such trials and tribulations It was not necessary for her to put her personal comforts at stake. She is highly qualified and the adage, curry for the night is worry for the morning, and tomorrows lettuce is not assured from todays labor, is not applicable to her. Like a true seeker, she decided to get at the truth of the issue, by experiencing it. So, this is the book written by an ex-waitress in Florida, cleaning woman and a nursing home assistant in Maine, the one possessing the Wal-Mart experience, the vexation of the urine test and what notBarbaras jobs hunt.Getting ReadySo, her experiments with the truth of job-hunting and eventually getting it begin. What happened after a series of rejections, which had nothing to do with her merit for the post applied for as such is a revelation She writes, My next stop is Winn-Dixie, the supermarket, which turns out to have a particularly onerous application process, featuring a twenty minute call into question by computer since, apparently, no human on the premises is deemed capable of representing the corporate point of view. .the interview is multiple choices.Do I have anything, such as child business organization problems, that might make it hard for me to get to work on time? Do I think safety on the job is the responsibility of management? Then popping up cunningly out of the blue How many dollars worth of stolen goods ha ve I purchased in the last year? Would I turn in a fellow employee if I caught him stealing? Finally, Are you an honest person?(p.13, 14)Ehrenreich has absolute command over the scenes and situations she creates for her and her writing style takes you to the spot of confrontation. The description is so realistic. You feel, as if you are part of the drama. The story is interesting from the beginning to the end, without intermission. One feels sorry about the working conditions and the environment, and the humiliation that one suffers at the foul-mouthed, arrogant bosses. When one thinks that a worker has to spend his en frighten away service life in such uncertain, difficult conditionsit is mind-boggling And the fact remains that millions are undergoing such onerous ordeal. Suffering has become the badge affixed on themThe book contains 6 crisp chapters, Introduction Getting Ready, destiny in Florida, Scrubbing in Maine, Selling in Minnesota, Evaluation and A Readers Guide In the fi nal evaluation, she experiences the academician in her come to give opinion and judgment. She brings the issues like class conflict and power dynamics. She has come out with some startling revelations.According to her no job is truly inexpert Some of the jobs she did had tremendous physical demands, and could damage to health if performed continuously. Her heroic performances had no corresponding rewards, which mean exploitation of labor is the common practice. She writes, then trick lies in figuring out how to budget your energy so therell be some left over for the next day(p. 195).She also comes to the conclusion that multiple jobs is the actual necessity as one can no survive with the returns of one job.She has no hesitation in saying that the labor class of the lower rungs, whether men or women, are constantly suspected for one reason or the other. The employment tests and questionnaires contained strange enquiries. Her behavior was monitored in Wal-Mart under repressive surv eillance by the designated staff both men and women and they were looking for theft, drug abuse, sloth and the like in her.She describes the different hurdles she had to cross to make both the ends meet, and issues link to luxury were out of question. She found out by experience how, necessity is the mother of invention. There are two options to meet the situation. Either cut smoothen your expenditure, or spend more and also increase your income. When increment was not possible due to so many constraints, some came out with innovative ideas. She motto some co-workers sleeping in cars, to avoid huge rents, and some report for duty, ignoring their suffering due to back pain, arthritis, etc.She studies both the stands The labor force which believes that the Management is the permanent enemy and the Unions should be at permanent war with it And the Management that thinks innovatively to subvert the well-meaning labor laws passed for the welfare of the workers. She cites an example, w hen minimum wages were change magnitude, management increased her workload, though it cut her working hoursthe net result was that her paycheck showed the same figure.She made sincere efforts to live on the wages she gotwithout using her skills as PhD, lecturer or as an author. She makes the observation of an economist and socialist when she says, Something is wrong, very wrong, when a single person in good health, a person who in addendum possesses a working car, can barely support herself by the sweat of her brow. You dont need a degree in economics to see that wages are too low and rents too high. (p. 199).She marvels at the strange working of American democracy. She clearly sees the dictatorship in the workplaces as for workers. Working poor have no other alternative but to submit to the systematic disempowerment on one pretext or other by the Management. Someday they are bound to tire of getting so little in return and to demand to be paid what theyre worth. Therell be a lo t of anger when that day comes, and strikes and disruption (p. 221). terminationAs for the evaluation part of her book, her observations demand attention. As earlier said, what she has written is the experienced research. Her findings are lessons for the economist, the sociologist, the politician, the management and for the union leaders. Solutions to various problems can be worked out. What is necessary is an attitude of sacrifice and compassion for the sake of the welfare of the needy. That is achievable by the genuine change in the thought process of concerned individuals. When the thought process changes, the action process will also change, hopefully for the better.Nickel and Dimed on (Not) Getting by in AmericaNickel and Dimed On (Not) Getting By in America In the thought provoking novel, Nickel and Dimed, Barbara Ehrenreich explores the life of low-wage workers in Americas society. While speaking with an editor one day, the question of poverty and how Americans survive off s ix and seven dollars an hour played in Ms. Ehrenreichs mind. So as a journalist, Ehrenreich goes undercover working several minimum wage jobs and tries to survive off the earnings. Seeing and living the lives of these poverty-stricken workers, Ehrenreich learns that hard work doesnt always lead to success and advancement in todays society.This novel takes you on a journey, revealing the insights of how people strive to survive in Americas society working minimum wage jobs that do not suffice adequate funds to cover their needs and expenses. Ehrenreich begins her research in Key West, Florida. Her first task was to find a place to live. She opts out of her decision to leave in a convenient and affordable apartment for a five hundred dollar a month efficiency that is about forty-five minutes away from the employment opportunities Key West has to offer. Her next task was job searching.Ehrenreich applied for numerous jobs, and learns about the low-wage job application process. These job applications usually just involved several multiple-choice questions and a urine test. After not hear back from any of the jobs, Ehrenreich applies for a waitressing position at the diner Hearthside, (which is not the actual name as well as the names of associates she comes in contact with). Ehrenreich is offered the position of a waitress and is hired at Hearthside and works the night shift working from 200 in the evening until 1000 at night for $2. 43 an hour, plus tips.If a person strives to make means off six and seven dollars an hour, surely $2. 43 is not sufficed, especially when customers do not like tip the waitress. During her time at Hearthside, Ehrenreich comes to despise management. She finds that while she must constantly find busy work to do, anything at all but being still, while her superiors are able to sit for hours. Management lacks the compassion for their employees and for their customers. They have only one concern in mind and that is make sure the restaurant makes money. Ive personally experienced this on my job.Sometimes there is absolutely nothing else to do at work. Why? There is one simple answer everything has already taken care of and much more. But, management will hassle you to keep busy even when there is nothing else to do. Once Ehrenreich gets a feel for the job, she begins interacting with her co-workers and learns of their poverty lifestyle. Her observation also revealed that most of the workers were minorities. Ehrenreich then begins to compiles a survey on the workers living arrangements Gail, whom she becomes close to, shares a room with a roommate for $250 a week. Ehrenreich p. 24) Now if you access the situation and do a few calculations you can realize that Gail is strictly living paycheck to paycheck. Claude, a cook, lives in a two room apartment with his girlfriend and two other people. Others are paying to stay in hotels each night, some pay $170 dollars a week for a one person trailer, and others are living out th eir cars. Ehrenreich soon realizes that unless she wants to live out of her car she needs to find another job. She picks up a second waitressing job at Jerrys. Ehrenreich comes to find out that Jerrys is a ruin.The kitchens are a mess, the bathrooms are never adequately equipped, and there is no break room because breaks are hardly allowed. Ehrenreich is unable to juggle working at both the Hearthside and Jerrys, so she leaves Hearthside so she can earn more money at Jerrys. Ehrenreich is able to find a small trailer in a trailer park and moves closer to Key West. After a month of waitressing, Ehrenreich gets a housekeeping position in a hotel which pays $6. 10 an hour. Unfortunately Ehrenreich only lasts on the job for one day.After having a miserable days work at Jerrys, Ehrenreich quits the job by simply walking out. Ehrenreich turns her trailer over to Gail and says goodbye to Key West. After departing Key West, Ehrenreich travels to two other states, Maine and Minnesota, in hop e of finding better jobs as well as better pay. In the final chapter, Ehrenreich evaluates her observations and provides an overall study of her project and draws together her conclusions. She believes she has done a good job living under these certain circumstance.These observations open ones eye to how many people in the United States, not just the World, who are leaving in such poor conditions. An abundance of individuals do not realize the poverty thats occurring at home (U. S. ). We usually think of third world countries (i. e. Africa). Volunteering my time at the community market has helped me realize how many people need assistance and who are leaving in conditions that are considered to most people as degrading. I know how hard it is to live of the earnings I make. My earnings approximate around nine dollars an hour and even with these ages it is hard to survive. You have startup costs, deposits, power bills, water bills, food, telephone bills, car notes, etc the list goes o n and on. It is difficult to even live off of halfway decent wages yet alone minimum wages of six dollars an hour. Gas prices nowadays, are about two-thirds of the wage amount. I feel honored and privileged to be able to volunteer my time to such activities and organizations as the community market and the community garden. It gives me assurance that I can help make a difference in my community and society.I hope that more people would become aware of these activities and help contribute their time to help cease starvation and poverty in the world. Ehrenreich does an excellent job of revealing the inadequate wage conditions of society. Her plan was to reveal and understand the everyday life of low-income people, how they survive on a daily basis and find out what wage workers really go through. Most people dont know what is next for them or what the next day has in store for them. But the final conclusion is that low-wage lifestyle is unfair and impractical.Nickel and Dimed on (Not) Getting by in AmericaNickel and Dimed On (Not) Getting By in America In the thought provoking novel, Nickel and Dimed, Barbara Ehrenreich explores the life of low-wage workers in Americas society. While speaking with an editor one day, the question of poverty and how Americans survive off six and seven dollars an hour played in Ms. Ehrenreichs mind. So as a journalist, Ehrenreich goes undercover working several minimum wage jobs and tries to survive off the earnings. Seeing and living the lives of these poverty-stricken workers, Ehrenreich learns that hard work doesnt always lead to success and advancement in todays society.This novel takes you on a journey, revealing the insights of how people strive to survive in Americas society working minimum wage jobs that do not suffice adequate funds to cover their needs and expenses. Ehrenreich begins her research in Key West, Florida. Her first task was to find a place to live. She opts out of her decision to leave in a convenient and aff ordable apartment for a five hundred dollar a month efficiency that is about forty-five minutes away from the employment opportunities Key West has to offer. Her next task was job searching.Ehrenreich applied for numerous jobs, and learns about the low-wage job application process. These job applications usually just involved several multiple-choice questions and a urine test. After not hear back from any of the jobs, Ehrenreich applies for a waitressing position at the diner Hearthside, (which is not the actual name as well as the names of associates she comes in contact with). Ehrenreich is offered the position of a waitress and is hired at Hearthside and works the night shift working from 200 in the evening until 1000 at night for $2. 43 an hour, plus tips.If a person strives to make means off six and seven dollars an hour, surely $2. 43 is not sufficed, especially when customers do not like tip the waitress. During her time at Hearthside, Ehrenreich comes to despise management. She finds that while she must constantly find busy work to do, anything at all but being still, while her superiors are able to sit for hours. Management lacks the compassion for their employees and for their customers. They have only one concern in mind and that is make sure the restaurant makes money. Ive personally experienced this on my job.Sometimes there is absolutely nothing else to do at work. Why? There is one simple answer everything has already taken care of and much more. But, management will hassle you to keep busy even when there is nothing else to do. Once Ehrenreich gets a feel for the job, she begins interacting with her co-workers and learns of their poverty lifestyle. Her observation also revealed that most of the workers were minorities. Ehrenreich then begins to compiles a survey on the workers living arrangements Gail, whom she becomes close to, shares a room with a roommate for $250 a week. Ehrenreich p. 24) Now if you access the situation and do a few calcula tions you can realize that Gail is strictly living paycheck to paycheck. Claude, a cook, lives in a two room apartment with his girlfriend and two other people. Others are paying to stay in hotels each night, some pay $170 dollars a week for a one person trailer, and others are living out their cars. Ehrenreich soon realizes that unless she wants to live out of her car she needs to find another job. She picks up a second waitressing job at Jerrys. Ehrenreich comes to find out that Jerrys is a ruin.The kitchens are a mess, the bathrooms are never adequately equipped, and there is no break room because breaks are hardly allowed. Ehrenreich is unable to juggle working at both the Hearthside and Jerrys, so she leaves Hearthside so she can earn more money at Jerrys. Ehrenreich is able to find a small trailer in a trailer park and moves closer to Key West. After a month of waitressing, Ehrenreich gets a housekeeping position in a hotel which pays $6. 10 an hour. Unfortunately Ehrenreich o nly lasts on the job for one day.After having a miserable days work at Jerrys, Ehrenreich quits the job by simply walking out. Ehrenreich turns her trailer over to Gail and says goodbye to Key West. After departing Key West, Ehrenreich travels to two other states, Maine and Minnesota, in hope of finding better jobs as well as better pay. In the final chapter, Ehrenreich evaluates her observations and provides an overall study of her project and draws together her conclusions. She believes she has done a good job living under these certain circumstance.These observations open ones eye to how many people in the United States, not just the World, who are leaving in such poor conditions. An abundance of individuals do not realize the poverty thats occurring at home (U. S. ). We usually think of third world countries (i. e. Africa). Volunteering my time at the community market has helped me realize how many people need assistance and who are leaving in conditions that are considered to m ost people as degrading. I know how hard it is to live of the earnings I make. My earnings approximate around nine dollars an hour and even with these ages it is hard to survive. You have startup costs, deposits, power bills, water bills, food, telephone bills, car notes, etc the list goes on and on. It is difficult to even live off of halfway decent wages yet alone minimum wages of six dollars an hour. Gas prices nowadays, are about two-thirds of the wage amount. I feel honored and privileged to be able to volunteer my time to such activities and organizations as the community market and the community garden. It gives me assurance that I can help make a difference in my community and society.I hope that more people would become aware of these activities and help contribute their time to help cease starvation and poverty in the world. Ehrenreich does an excellent job of revealing the inadequate wage conditions of society. Her plan was to reveal and understand the everyday life of lo w-income people, how they survive on a daily basis and find out what wage workers really go through. Most people dont know what is next for them or what the next day has in store for them. But the final conclusion is that low-wage lifestyle is unfair and impractical.

Issues Of Environmental Degradation Environmental Sciences Essay

surroundal abjection is a affair by means of which the intrinsic purlieu is compromised in some manner, cut downing biological form and the general wellness of the milieu. This procedure dismiss be wholly natural in starting line, or it target be accelerated or eccentricd by kind-hearted activities. Many international organisations recognize surroundal debasement as one of the major menaces confronting the planet, since worlds do merely been given one humans to work with, and if the purlieu becomes irreparably compromised, it could intend the terminal of human being. One of the major menace the planet faces today, environmental debasement, is bound to do livelihood serious for all the biography signifiers, including human existences, now or subsequently. Surveies by some of the high organisations reveal that the impairment of environment is witnessing at an diswhitethorning rate. In fact, the High direct Threat Panel of the United Nations has enlisted environment al debasement as one of the 10 menaces for us. This issue sights infinite with jobs desire poorness, terrorist act and civil war in the list, and this itself highlights the fact that we atomic number 18 heading for a sealed catastrophe. It is defined as a procedure wherein the natural environment of the planet is degenerated to such an extent, that the biodiversity and the general wellness of the planet is subjected to drastic decrease. In new(prenominal) words, this phenomenon so-and-so be defined as impairment of the Earth s natural milieus as a burden of inordinate development of the available resources. These resources include pee, air, vegetation, zoology, dope etc. Basically, the life on the planet is interwoven to such an extent that a littleening in a peculiar property triggers a Domino consequence on all the other properties dependent on it. ItA is the devastation ofA ecosystems and the extinction ofA wildlife. It is defined as any alteration or perturbation to th e environment perceived to be hurtful or unwanted.Environmental debasement is one of theA Ten ThreatsA officially cautioned by theA High Level Threat PanelA of theA United Nations.Fig,1 Showing contaminant from chimneysCausesEnvironmental debasement is a consequence of the dynamic inters play of socio-economic, institutional and technological activities. Environmental debasement can be attributed to assorted human activities, every bit uncorrupted as some natural procedures, with the later earn foring an undistinguished portion. cobblers lastly of the resources on the planet atomic number 18 vulnerable to depletion, and the rates at which we atomic number 18 working them have already brought some of them to the threshold of exhaustion. Exploitation of theA dodo fuelsA is the stovepipe illustration of this phenomenon. Large scale development has depleted the dodo fuel militias across the universe, in that respectfore go forthing us with no option but to happen an alternate seed of energy. Other human activities which have been lending to environmental debasement include urbanisation, overpopulation, A deforestation, pollution, hunting, etc.Environmental alterations may be driven by galore(postnominal) factors including economic increment, population growing, urbanisation, intensification of agribusiness, lifting energy usage and transit.Poverty still remains a job at the root of several environmental jobs.Social FactorsPopulationPopulation is an of import beginning of development, yet it is a major beginning of environmental debasement when it exceeds the threshold bounds of the support systems. Unless the relationship between the multiplying population and the life support system can be stabilized, development programmes, howsoever, advanced ar non likely to give coveted consequences.Population impacts on the environment chiefly through the usage of natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental emphasiss like vent of biodiversity, air and pee pollution and increased force per unit area on tillable land.Fig.2 Population in IndiaIndia supports 17 per cent of the universe population on merely 2.4 per cent of universe land res publica. Its rate of flow rate of population growing at 1.85 per cent continues to present a relentless population challenge. In position of the linkages between population and environment, a vigorous thrust for population overlook need barely be over emphatic.PovertyPoverty is said to be twain cause and consequence of environmental debasement. The round nexus between poorness and environment is an highly complex phenomenon. Inequality may further unsustainability because the hapless, who rely on natural resources more than the rich, deplete natural resources faster as they have no existent chances of deriving entree to other types of resources. Furthermore, degraded environment can speed up the procedure of poverty, once more because the hapless depend immedia tely on natural assets. Although there has been a important bead in the poorness ratio in the state from 55 per centum in 1973 to 36 per centum in 1993-94, the absolute figure of hapless have, nevertheless, remained changeless at around 320 million over the old ages. Acceleration in poorness relief is imperative to agitate this nexus between poorness and the environment.UrbanizationLack of chances for paid employment in small towns and the ecological emphasiss is victorious to an of all time increasing motion of hapless households to towns. Mega metropoliss are emerging and urban slums are spread outing.There has been an octuple addition in urban population over 1901-1991. During the past two decennaries of 1971-91, India s urban population has doubled from 109 million to 218 million and is estimated to make 300 million by 2000 AD.Such rapid and unplanned enlargement of metropoliss has resulted in debasement of urban environment. It has widened the spread between demand and supply of infrastructural services such as energy, lodging, conveyance, communicating, instruction, H2O supply and sewage and recreational comfortss, therefore consuming the cherished environmental resource base of the metropoliss. The consequence is the turning tendency in impairment of air and H2O quality, coevals of wastes, the proliferation of slums and unwanted land usage alterations, all of which lend to urban poorness.Economic FactorsTo a larger-than-life extent, environmental debasement is the consequence of market failure, that is, the non existent or ill functioning markets for environmental right(a)s and services. In this context, environmental debasement is a peculiar instance of ingestion or production outwardnesss reflected by divergency between private and societal costs ( or benefits ) . Lack of good defined belongings rights may be one of the grounds for such market failure. On the other manus, Market deformations created by monetary value controls and subsidies may wo rsen the accomplishment of environmental aims.The degree and form of economic development in any case adjoin the nature of environmental jobs. India s development aims have consistently emphasized the publicity of policies and programmes for economic growing and societal public serve wellance. Between 1994-95 and 1997-98, the Indian economic system has grown a small over 7 per cent per annum the growing of industrial production and fabrication averaging higher at 8.4 per cent and 8.9 per cent severally during these old ages. The fabricating engineering adopted by virtually of the industries has place a heavy burden on environment accompanimently through intensive resource and energy usage, as is apparent in natural resource depletion ( fossil fuel, minerals, lumber ) , H2O, air and land taint, wellness jeopardies and debasement of natural eco-systems. With high proportion dodo fuel as the chief beginning of industrial energy and major air fouling industries such as Fe and steel , fertilisers and cement growth, industrial beginnings have changed to a comparatively high portion in air pollution. Large measures of industrial and risky wastes brought approximately by enlargement of chemical based industry have compounded the wastes direction job with unplayful environmental wellness deductions.Conveyance activities have a broad assortment of effects on the environment such as air pollution, noise from thoroughfare traffic and oil spills from marine transportation. Transport substructure in India has expanded well in footings of web and services. Thus, route conveyance histories for a major portion of air pollution burden in metropoliss such as Delhi. Port and harbor undertakings chiefly impact on sensitive coastal eco systems. Their building affects hydrology, get on H2O quality, piscaries, coral reefs and Rhizophora mangles to changing grades.Direct impacts of agricultural development on the environment arise from farming activities which contribute to dir ty dilapidate, land salination and blemish of foods. The spread of green revolution has been accompanied by over development of land and H2O resources, and usage of fertilisers and pesticides have increased many fold. Switching horticulture has besides been an of import cause of land debasement. Leaching from extended usage of pesticides and fertilisers is an of import beginning of taint of H2O organic structures. Intensive agribusiness and irrigation contribute to set down debasement funnily salination, alkalization and H2O put down.Institutional FactorsThe Ministry of Environment & A Forests ( MOEF ) in the presidency is creditworthy for protection, preservation and development of environment. The Ministry works in close coaction with other Ministries, State Governments, Pollution Control Boards and a figure of scientific and proficient establishments, universities, non-Governmental organisations etc.Environment ( Protection ) Act, 1986 is the cardinal statute righteousnes s regulating environment direction. Other of import statute laws in the hoidenish include the Forest ( Conservation ) Act, 1980 and the Wildlife ( Protection ) Act, 1972. The failing of the bing system lies in the enforcement capablenesss of environmental establishments, both at the Centre and the province.There is no effectual coordination amongst assorted Ministries/Institutions sing integrating of environmental concerns at the inception/planning phase of the undertaking. electric current policies are besides fragmented across several Government bureaus with differing policy authorizations. Lack of trained forces and comprehensive database delay many undertakings.Most of the State Government establishments are comparatively little enduring from insufficiency of proficient staff and resources. Although overall quality of Environmental Impact Assessment( EIA ) surveies and the effectual execution of the EIA procedure have improved over the old ages institutional beef uping steps such as preparation of cardinal professionals and staffing with proper proficient individuals are necessary to do the EIA process a more effectual instrument for environment protection and sustainable development.Habitat FragmentationHabitat atomization carries long term environmental impacts some of which can destruct full ecosystems. An ecosystem is a distinguishable unit and includes all the life and inanimate elements that reside within it. Plants and animate beings are obvious members, but it give besides include other constituents on which they rely on such as watercourses, lakes, and dirts.Habitats become disconnected when development take aparts up solid stretches of land. Examples include roadstead which may cut through woods or even trails which wind through prairies. While it may non sound all bad on the surface, there are serious effects.Some wildlife species require big stretches of land in order to run into all of their demands for nutrient, home ground, and other r esources. These animate beings are called country medium. When the environment is fragmented, the big spots of home ground no longer exist. It becomes more hard for the wildlife to acquire the resources they to last, perchance going threatened or endangered. The environment suffers without the animate beings that play their function in the nutrient web.A more critical consequence is land perturbation. Many weedy works species such as garlic mustard and violet loosestrife are both quantifyerving and invasive. A breach in the home ground gives them an chance to pay back clasp. These aggressive workss can take over an environment, displacing the native vegetation. The consequence is habitat with a individual dominant works which does nt supply adequate nutrient resources for all the wildlife. Entire ecosystems are threatened with extinction.Some weeds are so invasive and aggressive that they are declared noxious by the federal or province authoritiess to veto them from destructing g ood countries. The cultivation or even the sale of noxious weeds is prohibited by jurisprudence. state eroding and desertificationA The development of the fertile top-soil takes centuries. But, it can be removed really easy due to human activities like over-cultivation, unrestricted graze, deforestation and hapless irrigation patterns, ensuing in waterless spots of land. When big waste spots extend and run into over clip, a desert is created. Internationally, it has been recognized that desertification is a major job presents, peculiarly due to increased urbanisation.Water logging and dirt saltIrrigation without proper drainage of H2O leads to H2O logging in the dirt. Besides impacting the harvests, H2O logging draws salt to the surface of the dirt.The salt so is deposited as a thin crust on the land surface or starts roll uping at the roots of the plants.A A A AA This increased salt content is unfriendly to the growing of harvests and is highly detrimental to agriculture.A Water lo gging and dirt salt are some of the jobs that have come in the aftermath of the Green Revolution.Inappropriate land usage can take to dirty debasement. Bad farming techniques are often responsible for land debasement. Leaving Fieldss bare, or plowing them up and down the sides of a hill can do terrible dirt eroding when it rains to a keen extent as the dirt has nil maintaining it in topographical point. When the left over parts of harvests and carnal manure are ploughed back off into the dirt they serve to refill and fertilise it. However, if the harvests are cut to be fed to animate beings and the manure is burnt as a fuel, the dirt will hold no manner of refilling itself, and lessenings in birthrate.Sometimes landholders make alterations in the manner they use the land in an effort to do the land more productive, but ofttimes these alterations damage the land and really do it less productive.EffectssWhen mills produce harmful chemicals and toxic waste into organic structures o f H2O, worlds suffer. Pesticides and fertilisers can besides acquire into a part s H2O system and foul it. Drinking H2O is contaminated. Some shacking in third-world states are extremely affected by the debasement of our planet and these unhealthy patterns cause the followersIllnesssDeath in kidsDeath in grownupsMore late environmental debasement effects are going more and more obvious in signifier of scope ofA environmental issuesA impacting the planet. The risky waste let out by the industries tends to pollute the H2O organic structures in the locality, therefore go forthing the H2O unfit for imbibing. Similarly, A nursery gases, such as Chlorofluorocarbons and C dioxide, allow out in the standard pressure have a annihilating consequence on the environment, therefore doing the planet vulnerable to a scope of jobs, includingA planetary warmingA andA clime alteration. Worlds have rarely sacrificed their canonic necessities, but recently development of resources to carry through t hese basic necessities itself is taking a toll on the environment.The effects of the major environmental jobs on both wellness and productivity area. Water pollution and H2O scarcenessAs per the appraisal of UN, more than two million deceases and one million millions of unwellnesss a twelvemonth are attributable to H2O pollution. Water scarceness compounds these wellness jobs. Productivity is affected by the costs of supplying safe H2O, by restraints on economic activity caused by H2O deficits, and by the inauspicious effects of H2O pollution and deficits on other environmental resources such as, worsening piscaries and aquifer depletion taking to irreversible compression.Fig. 3 Water pollutionb.A Air pollutionAs per the appraisal of UN, urban air pollution is responsible for 300,000-700,000 deceases yearly and creates chronic wellness jobs for many more people. Restrictions on vehicles and industrial activity during critical periods affect productivity, as does the consequence of acid rain on woods and H2O organic structures.c.A whole and risky wastesDiseases are spread by ungathered refuse and blocked drains the wellness hazards from risky wastes are typically more localised, but frequently acute. Wastes affect productiveness through the pollution of groundwater resources.d.A Soil debasementDepleted soils addition the hazards of malnutrition for husbandmans. Productivity losingss on tropical dirts are estimated to be in the scope of 0.5-1.5 per cent of GNP, while secondary productiveness losingss are due to siltation of reservoirs, transit channels and other hydrologic investings.Fig. 4 Land debasemente. DeforestationDeath and disease can observe from the localised implosion therapy caused by deforestation. Loss of sustainable logging possible and of eroding bar, watershed stableness and C segregation provided by woods are among the productiveness impacts of deforestation.f. Loss of biodiversityThe extinction of works and animate being species will pote ntially impact the development of new drugs it will cut down ecosystem adaptability and lead to the loss of familial resources.g. Atmospheric alterationsOzone depletion is responsible for possibly 300,000 extra instances of tegument malignant neoplastic disease a twelvemonth and 1.7 million instances of cataracts. Global heating may take to increase in the hazard of climatic natural catastrophes. Productivity impacts may include sea-rise harm to coastal investings, regional alterations in agricultural productiveness and break of the marine nutrient concatenation.h. PovertyIn many states in Africa, harvest crops are falling as ingestion additions. Peoples are happening less alimentary nutrient to eat. One statement held is that while Fieldss in wealthier states are used to turn harvests forA biofuel, poorer states, particularly those around the Equator, are vulnerable to endure alterations, H2O deficits, and urbanisation. All of these factors are increasing the wellness and lives of 1000s. Some scientists and conservationists are inquiring that non-food points and agribusiness waste be used as alternate fuel for vehicles alternatively.i.Losing Earth s BeautyAs worlds dump waste merchandises, usage chemicals, and over fish in the oceans and seas, countries of beauty such asA coral reefsA are damaged. At times the devastation is so great that is can non be reversed. We are killing our planet and the effects are enormous.One illustration of this lies within the seashore lands of Thailand. hither marine and coastal resources at hazard. Vast countries of Rhizophora mangle wetlands have been lost. Coral reefs continue to endure debasement, and the entire fish available for catching is worsening. not merely is the debasement doing Marine and coastal resources to be lost, but this issue holds big economic jobs. When there are non plenty fish to catch, fishermen are without income to back up themselves and their households. In some coastal towns, the shores are gnawing at a rate of one to five metres per twelvemonth. This consequences in an one-year loss of more than siseer billion ticals ( $ 150 million ) in economic footings.DecisionA The impact of environmental catastrophes can be lay waste toing on the societal, economic, and environmental systems of a state or part every bit good as the planetary ecosystem. Environmental catastrophes do non acknowledge semisynthetic boundary lines, and endanger the largess left to future coevalss of a clean and supportive environment. Because of the mutuality of Earth ecosystems international co-operation is paramount to forestall, and when catastrophe work stoppages, respond to alleviate rapidly and effectively the effects of environmental catastrophes. Therefore, Governments, International organisations and communities must work together at all degrees to decrease the hazards associated with environmental debasement and its contributing factors, such as clime alteration, and guarantee that vulnerable people are prepared to last and accommodate. At the same clip, companies, organisations and persons must besides guarantee that their work is environmentally friendly and sustainable.Types of environmental debasementThere are many different types of environmental debasement. Some of the chief types in Namibia are soil eroding, deforestation, bush invasion, desertification and salinisation.Soil erodingSoil eroding is the gradual have oning off of dirt by either physical dislocation or chemical solution which is so transported away by agencies of H2O, air current or ice to another location.Soil eroding is the taking cause of harm to our dirts, go forthing them wastes and finally less productive. It can take centuries to make merely a few centimetres of dirt and merely a few minutes to destruct the same few centimetres. Today the rate of eroding has been speeded up by human activities. Consequently doing dirt eroding an ever-increasing job. Soil eroding consequences from the ways that people use the land. Practices such as tree felling cause deforestation, and can take to dirty eroding. The removed trees would normally guard the dirt from rain and air current as their roots hold the dirt in topographic point. Additionally many land proprietors cut down trees to make infinite in which to works harvests and rise animate beings which finally can take to dirty eroding.Soil salinisationThis is a type of environmental debasement that is peculiarly common in of course dry countries that undergo irrigation and do non let for any unbroken periods for the land to retrieve. Irrigation strategies are set up to supply a changeless flow of H2O to dry lands so that harvests can be grown.However when irrigation systems are severely designed the consequences can be black. The irrigation causes the water-table degree to lift conveying natural salts to the surface. The salts cause jobs as they restrict the root activity of the works and whence decelerate down its growing.In coun tries with high rates of vaporization the salts go even more concentrated.The concluding consequence is that the dirts are excessively piquant for workss to be able to turn in them and the debauched land has to be abandoned. Soils which have been affected by salinisation are really hard and expensive to rehabilitate and frequently remain fresh and abandoned.DesertificationDesertification occurs when productive lands are turned into non-productive desert as a consequence of hapless land-management. This by and large occurs in semi-arid countries such as Namibia. ( See the Information Sheet on Desertification )DeforestationThis is the lasting devastation of autochthonal woods and forests which consequences in a loss of natural resources every bit good as a protective barrier for surface soil. ( See the Information Sheet on Deforestation )Bush InvasionBush invasion happens where woody flora gets so buddy-buddy that it threatens farming lands. Bush invasion happens because woody flora and grasses have different growing rates taking the woody flora to take over and regulate a piece of land. Before the debut of domestic farm animal, the equilibrium between grasses and woody flora would hold been kept in cheque by fires and game. This would hold resulted in an African Savannah dominated by grass with merely a few scattered trees.With the debut of farm animal the balance was upset. Most of the game was eliminated and selective grazers were brought in. Fire eruptions have besides been eliminated every bit far as possible due to human intercession. This means that grasses are to a great extent eaten but the trees which are normally controlled by fires, continue to turn. The consequence is a displacement in the balance in opt of trees and woody flora.Since the growing of grass is limited the dirt is most(prenominal)ly left bare doing it particularly susceptible to dirty eroding by air current and H2O. The sedimentations of foods are hence progressively found merely under trees and shrubs, doing it hard for grasses to turn. Finally the grasses cease to vie for H2O and decease out.Most of Namibia s outflank agriculture lands are bush encroached.As a effect the land supports less and less livestock per hectare as the woody flora additions. It becomes more hard for the cowss to travel in or amongst the shrubs in hunt for grazing lands. The bulk of valuable foods and H2O in the dirt are so taken up by the infringing shrub and the grasses can non entree them.Loss of biodiversityLoss of biodiversity is a decrease in the assortment of works and carnal species.In countries where environmental debasement has occurred there is frequently a loss of biodiversity as a consequence of the break to the ecosystem.However the loss of biodiversity itself can be considered a signifier of environmental debasement.The scope of familial makeup ( works and carnal assortments ) in a peculiar country can be considered to be a natural resource and is of import in keepin g a healthy environment.The biodiversity of an country can diminish as a consequence of pollution, poaching, spread outing agribusiness and urbanisation. Sometimes there is a direct decrease in the figure of a peculiar species which itself if being threatened, but more frequently it is as a consequence of a break in the ecosystem and nutrient concatenation, which causes a Domino consequence, impacting a greater figure of beings.HOW TO STOP ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONLegislationsAssorted Torahs has been framed in India for the protection of environment and some of these are cited below-AI ) Section 268 to 290 of Indian Penal Code trades with public nuisances. humanity nuisance means pollution of air, H2O, blasting, inordinate fume, crud and other polluting activities.Atwo ) Section 133 and 143 of Code of Criminal Procedure Code and Section 91 of Code of Civil Procedure envisages that a individual may boney a Magistrate and District Judge severally by registering a ailment or request close to the public nuisance.three ) Under Law of Torts, particular harm can be claimed from nuisance maker/violator of environment.four ) The Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act1974,V ) The Environment Protection Act1986,six ) Wildlife ( Protection ) Act1972,seven ) The Air ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act1981,eight ) The Prevention of Cruelty of Animals Act1960,nine ) The National Environment Tribunal Act1995.Problem of pollution is the result of urbanisation, overpopulation and industrialisation. In modern times, hence, it needs more effectual legal sentiments to counter the above. Consequently Indian parliament passed The Environment Protection Act1986 to safeguard the environmental debasement. The Indian Penal Code has few commissariats on the topic, but they are uneffective when faced with the jobs of an industrialised society. The first job to pull the attending of certain province statute law in India was H2O pollution. But it was merely in 1974 tha t a Central Act was enacted on the topic to be followed by The Water ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess Act1977 and thenceforth most drastic jurisprudence had been enacted as Environment ( Protection ) Act1986. India foremost got the gustatory sensation of environmental catastrophe by two calamities that befell India the Bhopal catastrophe in 1984 and Sri Ram Fertilizer Plant leak in 1985.The Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster ( Processing of claims ) Act1985 gave the cardinal number Government the exclusive authorization to stand for ( in judicial proceeding ) the victims of Bhopal for compensation claims against the Union Carbide Company. Sri Ram gas Leak did non bring forth legislative activity but prompted Mr. M.C.Mehta ( On behalf of Hindustani Andolon ) and certain other organisations to get down to utilize the effectual legal tool in the signifier of Public Interest Litigation ( PIL ) . This gave the Supreme speak to an chance to pronounce certain of import philosophy on ci vil wrong jurisprudence, corporate jurisprudence ( peculiarly the civil liability of managers for wrongs committed by the corporate organic structure ) .Recently, Supreme Court has loosely and liberally interpreted the bind 21 and transgressed into the country of protection of environment and held that the protection of environment and citizen s right to populate in eco-friendly atmosphere interpreted as the basic right guaranteed under Article 21. Recently to extenuate the demands of environment related judicial proceeding, Green Benches had been constituted in many High Courts in the Country. Some of the undermentioned determinations of Supreme Court of India has a great branching towards the protection and safeguarding the environment and keep the ecological balance.At one point of clip, the harm caused to the environment reaches a phase wherein the environment ca nt achieve the needed balance on its ain. In such a state of affairs, we worlds need to step in, and guarantee tha t the harm is curbed, and the balance is attained. dim-witted steps, such as preservation of electricity, use ofA alternate energy beginnings, avoiding the usage of things that pollute the environment, A dirt conservationA etc. , can assist in salvaging the environment from the menace of debasement. Environmentalists, the universe over, are seeking their best to salvage our environment, and we need to make our spot to do certain that they win. The demand of the hr is to place the causes of environmental debasement, and extinguish them one by one.We need to understand the fact that we are a portion of the interlacing life system on the planet, and any jobs, like environmental debasement andA environmental pollution, are bound to impact us straight or indirectly. Though the catastrophe is non expected to go on tomorrow or a hundred old ages from now, that does nt intend it will neer go on at all. That being said, the burden is on us the most intelligent species on the planet, to do certain that such jobs are kept at bay.Stairss we can takeThere are ways which we can assist to diminish debasement in our environment. Some of these includePurchase recycled merchandisesConserve H2ODo non litter or flip waste into inappropriate topographic pointsConserve energyJoin an consciousness groupTalk with others about the impacts of environmental debasementBe an advocator to salvage our planetReach Your GovernmentA carve up your local functionaries that you want information on the community s H2O supply and local defilers. Make certain functionaries recognize your right to cognize about your H2O supply.Dispose of Hazardous Waste Make certain that risky waste is decently disposed of, non merely left around or placed with other refuse.Do nt Dump Chemicals Never pour toxic substances down the drain. Although H2O is cleaned, metropoliss do non hold the equipment to extinguish all toxic substances from the H2O supply. start Your Water s Source Learn about where your communi ty s H2O comes from. Keep a close oculus on this H2O beginning and encourage others to make the same.Read Well Reports Community good operators frequently produce supervising studies on the safety of local Wellss. Ask the operators to give you a transcript of these stuffs and remain up-to-date on your Wellss.Substitute Substances You can do your ain non-toxic versions of many popular merchandises, such as insect repellants. Making so prevents the toxic chemicals found in these merchandises from come ining the environment and the H2O supply.

Cognitive- behavioural approaches to counselling Essay

This essay is written to compare the counselling human relationship in person-centred and cognitive-behavioural counselling by outlining both the theory and practice of the counselling relationship. This pass on be done by outlining the theory of the counselling relationships and the theory in practice. two person-centred and cognitive-behavioural counselling are widely recognised, successful treatments. There are however m each significant differences between the two. Cognitive-behavioural therapy is based on scientific study taking two therapies, cognitive therapy and behavioural therapy, and combining the two.Behavioural therapy is based on the fact that people can learn behaviours through classical conditioning, which was first save by Ivan Pavlov at the end of the nineteenth century, and operant conditioning (Skinner, 1953. ) Therapists believed what the behavioural therapists were helping their leaf nodes to do, such as encouraging self- assertion and self-understanding to help develop new(a) approaches to dealing with life, incorporate a wide range of cognitive processes including decision-making and problem-solving. Beck (1976) founded cognitive-behavioural therapy after becoming disillusioned by psychoanalytic methods. (McLeod J. 008)Person-centred counselling is a non-scientific therapy developed by Carl Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. It is a humanistic approach where it is believed that the customer of necessity to feel valued and understood for them to be able to develop a self-awareness so they are able to deal with any difficult situation they feel they are in, giving them the power to change their own lives. Person-centred therapy is non-direct approach where the therapist and client develop an equal friendship to develop trust between the two, creating a safe curative environment which enables the client to figure out what makes them the way they are.When the client begins to trust their feelings and become emotionally confident they c an begin to find the answers to their own problems within themselves. For this to happen a core conditions model is in place. Without these conditions this eccentric of therapy would not be effective (Rogers, C. 1957. ) Therapist-Client Psychological Contact- A relationship which two people arrive impact on each other and the therapist needs to be engaged by the client. Client incongruence, or Vulnerability- The client needs to be in a state of incongruence, feel that their real self is not how they would ideally like be.The client is also vulnerable to anxiousness which means they will be motivated stay in the relationship. (McLeod, J. 2008) Therapist Congruence or Genuineness- The therapist needs to be congruent within the therapeutic relationship- needs to be genuine in dealing with the client and use their own fellowship to enable the relationship. Unconditional Positive Regard- The therapist needs to have unconditional positive regard for the client. Acceptance, empathy and genuineness without judgement, is needed for the client to feel a high sense of self-regard so they can agnize that their self-worth was distorted by others.The therapist needs to accept the client for who they are now, not what they could become. Empathetic understanding- exact empathy on behalf of the therapist can help the client believe that the therapist has unconditional love for them. Client Perception- If the therapist communicates to the client their unconditional regard and sympathetic understanding to at least a minimal degree this is effective. In contrast cognitive-behavioural therapy is a direct approach where clients are taught how to think and behave in ways in which enables them to obtain their goals.They are not told what it is they want, but instead how to achieve the goals they may have this develops a student (client) and teacher (therapist) relationship. In arrange for this to be successful, intervention techniques are used to ensure that the goals agreed with the client is met. (Haaga and Davison1986, Meichenbaum 1986) These include Systematic desensitization- a relaxation technique is taught to help the client to belabor concern to enable them to extinguish their phobias. Once this has been learnt the client must use this to enable them to overcome these by using a fear hierarchy.Homework assignments- practicing techniques learnt in therapy between sessions. Experimenting with different self- statements in everyday situations. Thought stopping- instead of letting anxious thought take over the client learns to use something to interrupt these thoughts such as flicking a rubber band on their wrist. Challenging irrational beliefs- the therapist tries to identify the clients irrational beliefs that are causing issues in their life and challenges it so that the client develops a less extreme way they view the problem.Reframing the issues getting the client to perceive a certain emotion as something different. An example of this is pe rceiving fear as excitement. In vivo exposure- going into highly fearful situations with the therapist whilst they are talking through cognitive-behavioural techniques to help you deal with the situation. Scaling feelings- placing present feeling of anxiety and rating them on a scale off 0-100 is an example of this. Rehearsing different self-statements in role-play in therapy sessions. Assertiveness or social skills training.Although a therapeutic relationship is important in both practices, cognitive -behavioural therapists believe this is not sufficient enough alone to help clients work through their problems, and while many therapists have different styles the main cognitive behavioural therapy programme have an outlined structure in place. (Kuehnel and Liberman 1986 Freeman and Simon 1989,) which is the main focus. Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy is more client action oriented to produce a change in the way they think which then will lead to a change in the way the client will beh ave.However in Person-centred therapy a therapeutic process is put in place as a series of stages. These stages help promote a therapeutic change in the client or a process of greater openness to experience (McLeod, J. 2008. ) (Rogers, C. 1951) considered the management of therapeutic growth as including the awareness of the clients of any experiences they have been denied. They stop seeing the world in a generalised view and begin to see it differently. This enables them to rely on their personal experience to make believe their own set of values.These personal developments lead to a reorganization of self (Rogers, C. 1951) and is vital to develop new behaviours. In conclusion although both approaches to counselling realise that a counselling relationship is important, person-centred therapists believe that the counselling experience and effectiveness of the therapy is determined solely on that of the relationship. Cognitive-behavioural therapists find, through past experiments ot her techniques, such as systematic desensitization and behavioural self-control, are equally important to the success of the therapy.

The Wholefoods Company

At the wholefoods company most entry level employees affect $10. 86 on average. This averages out to about 21,000 a year. This may not seem to be a very comparable pay scale, but their benefits out slipway the pay. With a very extensive benefits package wholefoods has effectively been able to entice workers to be a part of the company. The company offers medical, dental, 401k, personal wellness account, health sympathize with reimbursement, dependent care reimbursement, life insurance, disability insurance, squad member stock option plan, team member stock purchase plan, team member discounts, team member emergency sharing account, and gain sharing.Having all of these benefits outweighs the pay scale for most employees. They give good demonstrates when promoting in the company as well. Most raise at bottom the company are close to 1. 5%. The goal of employees in wholefoods would be to work their way up the chain of command to make more money. Store team leads within this compa ny on average make $60, 171 a year. There are many other team lead positions within the organization that all pay close to $14 an hour. Being that there is a team lead position for each department of whole foods there is room for im move upment and growth within the company.Wholefoods can turn into a career for any hard working employee. One purposed change that the company could make to their pay mental synthesis to increase their marketability to the workforce could to be to increase the raise percentage from 1. 5% annually to 3% annually depending upon productivity. Make the raise structure be based of productivity the more productive employees will earn 3% rises whereas the non-productive employees only get 1%. This change can also prove beneficial to the company as a motivation tool. (Whole foods market, pay scale and benefits ,2013)

Analysis of “Moral Minimums for Multinationals” by Thomas Donaldson Essay

In Moral Minimums for Multinationals doubting Thomas Donaldson addressed an issue, which ofttimes escapes direction of moralistic philosophers. The oblige deals with a rather special honest aspect of international business relations relations between people of various cultures inside multinational corporations. This problem appears to be of prevalent importance for the author, providing data about expansion of corporations devised for colonizing the future. Manufacturers from India, managers from USA, experts from Japan, employees from the Philippines and directors from Germany they atomic number 18 all bearers of quite different cultural and honourable traditions, which need to be reconciled inside an international firm.The problem becomes more complicated considering existence of universal standards for business and business add, which are most often based on the value of Western civilization. Should managers always insist on the identical standards of conduct for all, o r should they verify their demands considering situation traditions? In case the recruit of conduct of a company creates more severe limitations of behavior than the law and customs of the country in which the company acts, should this code of conduct prevail? Thomas Donaldson attempts to answer this and other questions in his work.Donaldson starts from assertion, that although the multinational corporations are not a wholly new phenomenon, their history in a modern chthonicstanding starts subsequently World War II, when the growing demand of products, new transport facilities, differences in economic and financial situations in different countries resulted in internationalization of business.Consequently, standards of those companies started to expand. And the multinational corporations approach conflict between their planetary house practices and practices in other countries, especially concerning labor conditions, working hours, age of employees, sums of salary and other is sues. Other matters are related to scattering of their products and standards of quality for such products for example, can a corporation sell pharmaceuticals which do not correspond to the standards of their home country in other countries, where there are not such standards?Donaldson introduces several universal concepts for solving those problems. He starts with a concept of human being dependable. Rights establish minimum trains of morally acceptable behavior be a kind of bottom line for the corporations, which can not be crossed, a minimum set of responsibilities for a corporation. Those responsibilities of the corporation are at the same time rights of its employees, trade partners and all those individuals which are influenced by the companys activities.However, there is a problem of control. Who should monitor the observation of those rights and duties the company itself or its home country, or a country which is influenced by the companys activities? And where can such minimum standards be found at all. Some response is assumption by universal human rights instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights or the UN Charter. However, those instruments include very little of welfare rights, which are of paramount importance for international corporations. Donaldson criticizes the traditional distinction between positive and negative rights, asserting, that often observation of negative rights requires states and individuals to act positively and vice versa.For example, preservation of right to life means also necessity to create sufficient working and environmental conditions. So what rights related to international corporations should be endorsed on international level? Donaldson proposes the following criteria for definition of such rights 1) the right must protect something of very great importance 2) the right must be subject to substantial and recurrent threats and 3) the obligations or burdens imposed by the right must satisfy a fairness-affordability test.For Donaldson there are several rights that correspond these criteria 1) the right to freedom of material movement 2) the right to ownership of property 3) the right to freedom from torture 4) the right to a fair trial 5) the right to nondiscriminatory treatment (e.g., freedom from contrariety on the basis of such characteristics as race or sex) 6) the right to physical security 7) the right to freedom of speech and association 8) the right to marginal education 9) the right to political participation and 10) the right to subsistence. For Donaldson this is a minimal list, which can be extended. He notices, that the international companies are able to observe, or at least pretend that they are observing most of the mentioned rights, but the situation is much more dramatic in cases when companies deprive people from opportunities to enjoy their rights. Thats where we once more strikingness the problem of monitoring. Which of the rights should be guaran teed by the corporations and which by the governments?Here Donaldson states, that a corporation is not an institution which is designed to observe human rights, because its aim is only profit-making. They are undemocratic institutions by the nature. They strive to maximize their income and actually dont care of anyones rights. Their minimal obligations chthonic Donaldson are related to avoidance of deprivation of others of their rights. For example, the right of physical security includes the companys obligation to physically protect its workers. In bias the right for political participation for the corporations is limited by their duty to respect democratic institutions in other countries.Donaldson proposes to develop test, which would demonstrate whether the actions of the company deprive anyone of his or her rights or not. If the actions of the company would finally result in violations of anyones crucial rights, they should be morally inacceptable, whether they are formally ri ghtful or not. For Donaldson nothing little than a general moral theory working in tandem with an analysis of the foundations of corporate existence is needed. Donaldson introduces two types of ethical conflicts for multinational corporations. In the type A conflicts, the conduct of a company would contradict the legal and ethical norms of a country where the company holds business, and in the type B conflicts, the conduct of a company contradicts the laws of its home country.In order to reconcile the aims of the company to generate profit and obligation to act ethically, Donaldson supposes, that in case a particular practice does not violate considerable human rights and it is impossible to carry on business without such slightly unethical practice, a company may sometimes accept such practice (for example to bribe the officials, if this is a condition for further legal operations). Further development of ethical test would, under Donaldson, help to create ethical standards for m ultinational corporations in the changing global business environment.Donaldsons article leaves a controversial impression of incompleteness. It looks rather give care a draft of an article, but not an article itself. The author does not propose any single problem or thesis, or his problem is unreasonably broad for such a small piece of text. At the beginning Donaldson speaks of the moral problems of interaction between bearers of different cultural traditions, but later he does not develop the idea, turning to ethical problems, which are actually typical for any business not only international one.Any company seeks to emend its performance at all costs. Any company is willing to have more money and less responsibility. Any company has to face a moral choice between ethical and legal conduct and temptation to slightly violate accepted norms. The company does not need to be international to face this, therefore, the name and the thesis of Donaldsons article are hardly related to its content.Talking of employment standards, which can be really interesting when investigating ethical matters connected to international business, we should notice, that they are not limited exclusively to international human rights instruments, as Donaldson asserts. Acts of the United Nations (especially of Economic and Social Council) as well as acts of International Labor Organization do include numerous requirements and recommendations of both legal and ethical nature. It would be wise to consider them when talking of ethical moments in international business. On the other hand Donaldson does not consider numerous business codes of conduct, which do include a number of ethical provisions. So, Donaldsons article is rather a set of ideas and reasoning about some situations, than a systematic study of multinational business ethics.So, do we need multinational corporations to act ethically? Obviously, yes. Do we need to develop any new ethical standards? Yes, but we need to be a ware of those, which already exist. The situation is not so dramatic, as Donaldson presents. Ethical norms already exist, we just need to correctly apply them and reconcile moral requirements in various countries. Considering that most of the paramount ethical values are somehow reflected in the international law, or recognized universally, this task appears to be not so complicated. Here it is possible to speak of globalization of ethical imperatives, which is a part of globalization processes as a whole. International business act both as agents and objects of such globalization, which is already inconvertible.

Frankenstein and Female Monster. Victor

Are you a made man? In Mary Shelleys (1797-1851) Frankenstein Or the Modern Prometheus (1818), passe-partout Frankenstein creates a fiend out the dead body parts. Frankenstein, as a product of the sense and the Scientific Revolution, is obsessed with forward the cause of science, and in be coming famous and respected. A new species would bless me as its creator and source many happy and excellent dispositions would owe their world to me.I might in process of time (although I now found it impossible) renew purport where death had apparently devoted the body to corruption (Shelley 48). This new(a) day Prometheus, succeeds in doing what no man has through with(p) before, create life. The man he creates is contrary to what superscript envisioned. How toilet I describe my emotions at this catastrophe, or how delineate the wretch whom with such infinite pains and care I had endeavoured to form? His limbs were in proportion, and I had selected his features as beautiful. Beautiful G reat GodHis discolour skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath his hair was of a lustrous blue, and flowing his teeth of a pearly whiteness but these luxuriances merely formed a more(prenominal) horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed al or so of the same colour as the dun-white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips(Shelley 51). After his creation comes to life, he refuses to accept his (parental) obligation he does not care for the fiend, he does not provide it with shelter nor with food or love. He fails to teach and to instruct dismissing a relationship with his creature.Instead, in disgust of what he has done, maestro reverses the fiend. The fiend attempts to live a normal life however, being abandon leaves the demon confused, afraid, left to his own devices, and angry. I am simply and miserable man will not associate with me (Shelley 129) Victor abandon and left the monster as a causeless chil d like his baffle did when she died .. She whom we saw every day and whose very existence appeared a part of our own can have departed forever (Shelley 38-39) All of the thing that he loved round his mother had been taken away and he was left as a motherless child.The story of Frankenstein and his creation is ultimately a story of abandonment. Abandonment (and neglect), Shelley suggests, is detrimental to growth and maturity abandonment might result in the dehumanization of both the creator (parent) and his creation (child). Shelleys novel is an exploration of where abandonment might lead. NOT SURE WHERE YOU ARE GOING WITH THIS. KEEP IT FOR NOW, IF YOU DECIDE THAT YOU NEED more than OF A HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK Ultimately, Frankenstein refuses to accept the responsibility of providing a source of companionship for the creation since he does not allow for any connection between himself and the monster.Victor fundamentally flees, hoping to forget what he has created. He attempts to li ve a normal life however his abandonment leaves the monster confused, angry, and afraid. Frankenstein is an Enlightenment scientist, who crosses the boundaries of science and feels the need to discover the secrets of life. The Enlightenment Period was a cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in the late 17th and 18th century Europe emphasizing reason and individualism instead than tradition. START HERE Victor Frankenstein has always been fascinated by nature and always wanted to conquer the unknownPLACE AND ANALYZE THE QUOTE HERE WHERE HIS FASCINATION BEGINS When we visited it the next morning, we found the tree diagram shattered in a singular manner. It was not splintered by the shock, but entirely reduced to thin ribbons of wood. I never beheld anything so utterly undo. out front this I was not unacquainted with the more obvious laws of electricity (Shelley 36). After being introduced to science Victor became fascinated with it. In retaliation to his fascination, Victor betrays nature by creating the ogre. Victor frankenstein felt the need to challenge nature with him imagination and creating his own being.The Romantic call upd there was good in all things, and the darkness could not be ignored. Many expressed their beliefs in through dark romantic writing and art work using the ideas of nature, emotion, individualism, and creativity and passion was a reception once against the rules and conventions of society. To all romanctic writers believed nature is devined there for violating nature is a violation of there god and themselves. Victors fascination led him to successful create a creature and Privately abandon his own needs, hidden away in his apartment where no one can see him work, he decides to begin the anatomical structure of the creature.Abortion and devoting himself to this labor, he neglects everything else family, friends, studies, and social life. This lead victor to grow increasingly pale, lonely, and obsessed. My cheek had grown pale with study, and my person had become emaciated with confinement. Sometimes, on the very coast of certainty, I failed yet still I clung to the hope which the next day or the next hour might realise. One secret which I alone possessed was the hope to which I had dedicated myself and the moon gazed on my midnight labours, while, with unrelaxed and breathless eagerness, I pursued nature to her hiding-places. (shelley 48)Victor creates the titan to replace the lonely tone of voice he had after his mothers death. In creating the monster, one might say, that Victor is reconciling his own sense of abandonment. In other words, he creates a creature to underpin him (often what our parents do) and to reconcile his feelings of maternal abandonment. Ironically, he in turn abandons the creature that he builds. Frankenstein feels abandoned by his mother and the Monster feels abandoned by Frankenstein. After creating the Monster, Victor takes takes one look at the monster and immediately abandons him, But I escaped and rushed downstairs.I took refuge in the courtyard belonging to the house which I inhabited where I remained during the rest of the night (Shelley 59). When he returns to his chamber, the monster is gone and Victor feels relieved from his creator. Two years go by before Victor and his eight feet tall creation, face each other again. Victor is headed home after receiving his fathers letter informing him that his little sidekick William had been impinge oned. Victor is soon apprised that the fiend is responsible for the murder of his brother.His adopted sister Justine is framed by the fiend. She is found guilty and is soon executed. Although Victor feels sadness, anger, frustration and guilt, especially about Justines death, he feels that he cannot confide his suspicion that his creation is responsible. Who would believe him? Victor begins his traveling toward Geneva with thought of the Monster. During his traveling he sees his creature , while comin g face to face with his creating he insisted on the creature diapering and having the slightest contact with him.On one hand the creator had different feelings he almost seemed excited about sightedness his creator and wanted to share all the thing he had learned with him even while victor continued to abandon him. Be calm I entreat you to hear me, before you give vent to your hatred on my devoted head. Have I not suffered enough that you seek to increase my hardship? Life, although it may only be an accumulation of anguish, is dear to me, and I will defend it. Remember, thou hast made me more powerful than thyself my height is superior to thine my joints more supple.But I will not be tempted to set myself in opposition to thee. I am thy creature, and I will be even mild and blue-blooded to my natural lord and king, if thou wilt also perform thy part, the which thou owest me. Oh, Frankenstein, be not equitable to every other, and trample upon me alone, to whom thy justice, and ev en thy clemency and affection, is most due. Remember that I am thy creature I ought to be thy Adam but I am rather the fallen angel, whom thou drivest from joy for no misdeed. Everywhere I see bliss, from which I alone am irrevocably excluded. I was benevolent and good misery made me a fiend.Make me happy, and I shall again be virtuous. Begone I will not hear you. There can be no community between you and me we are enemies. Begone, or let us try our strength in a fight, in which one must fall. (shelley 89) though the monster had been abandoned several times by his creator he tried every chance he got THIS IS AN IMPORTANT SCENE AND MOUNTAIN, SO MAKE SURE THAT YOU DO IT JUSTICE. AND REMEMBER THE MONSTER NOTIFIES VICTOR TO EXACTLY WHERE HE WILL MEET HIM, BECAUSE HE WANTS THIS AUDIENCE WITH HIS CREATOR. YOU DONT HAVE TO BRACKET THIS, BUT YOU SHOULD TRANSITION INTO THIS.IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE MONSTER IS cast aside MANY TIMES VICTOR, WHO LOST HIS MOTHER SHOULD UNDER STAND THAT THE MONSTER LOST HIS FATHER VICTOR YET HE FAILS TO EMPATHIZE WITH HIS CREATION He told Victor about how he grew to love the DeLacey Family and learned to see what it meant to love another(prenominal). Studying the family led to the monster feeling abandoned because he couldnt connect with them. I had respect the perfect forms of my cottagers their grace, beauty, and delicate complexions but how was I terrified when I viewed myself in a transparent poolAt first I started back, unable to believe that it was indeed I who was reflected in the mirror and when I became fully convinced that I was in reality the monster that I am, I was filled with the bitterest sensations of disconsolateness and mortification. Alas I did not yet entirely know the fatal effects of this miserable deformity. (Shelley ____ ) Before the cottage family met the creature he had already opened his heart to them wishing for adoption. When the monster finally felt he had completely prepared himself to meet his teachers he was rejected and again abandoned.This abandonment was held a great deal of the creatures hate for mankind. He wherefore told Victor that he had met a little boy on his way back to find Victor, his creator. He tells that he thought he could make the little boy except him, because of the little boys youth mind. The Monster then learned that the boy was a brother to Victor, who had abandoned him first. (talk about how he tried to grow comfort with the boy but was abandon) He got very angry at the thought of being friends with the brother of the man who caused the Monster such great pain.The Monster then eat uped the little boy and had taken the locket and put it into the pocket of a lady. Justin was soon executed for the murder of the little boy (William). I determined to seek that justice which I vainly attempted to gain from any other being that wore the human form. (Pg. 136) Victor then told the Monster to leave and never come back or he would kill him. The M onster then realizes that the blame is on him, himself and he decides to kill himself. Cursed, cursed creator Why did I live? (Pg. 132) Once again this left me wondering if the Monster killed himself, would that leave another void in Victors life?Victor had already lost so many loved ones that were so close to him. Did he have feelings for the Monster? Not feelings of love, because all that he had done but some type, any type of feelings since he after all created the Monster. At the end of the book the Monster finally talks Frankenstein into creating a feminine for him. The Monster wanted another like him so he could feel normal and not feel the abandonment for the rest of his life. Victor begins making another replica of the Monster, but then abandon the thought in the middle of his work.Victor then realise what could happen if he finished the female Monster. victor realized that if he finished the female Monster that it too could turn against human kind, and also go on a killi ng spree. Victor then destroyed his half way complete work. This angered the Monster and he then swore to make Victor the most miserable person in the world. The Monster did this by going on another killing spree of people that were close to Victor. He killed Victors best friend Henry Clerval and Victor was almost executed for the murder. In the mean time Victor had met a lady called Elizabeth, whom he planned to marry.So the Monster waited for the night after Victor and Elizabeths wedding and then murdered Elizabeth. Victors father had also grown very depressed from all the voids in his own life and too soon died after hearing the news Elizabeths death. Victor then was very ragged and obsessed to get a bitter revenge on the bitter Monster. Victor chased the Monster up into the North. He tight killed himself when he was chasing the Monster on dog sleds and broke through the ice and fell into the water. Victor was saved by a passing ship. He get enough to tell his long, remorseful story to Robert Walton.Victor then got very sick and soon died. Thus, leaving a void in Waltons life. That same night the Monster came to see Victor in his death-bed. The monster met Walton while doing this and told him of all of the rage he felt toward Victor. Walton did not like the Monster at all. The Monster told Walton that he would kill himself now that Victor had died. He told Walton he would do this by going where nobody could see him, in the North, and set fire to himself. In conclusion, I feel the theme of the book is abandonment. I think this because every event that happens is the result to some sort of abandonment.Victor Frankenstein felt abandoned and had a void because his mother died. As a result to that feeling, he betrayed nature and created the Monster. He abandoned the Monster, leaving a void in the Monsters life. The abandonment from Victor made the Monster angry, wanting to make Victors life miserable. The Monster then began to kill people who were close to Vic tor, making Victor have even more abandonment in his life. Finally, Victor died from being sick and the Monster killed himself. All of the events in this book support that the theme of the book is abandonment.